Accessibility

W3C develops international Web standards: HTML, CSS, and many more. W3C’s Web standards are called W3C Recommendations. All W3C standards are reviewed for accessibility support and their guidelines show how web accessibility depends on several components of web development and interaction working together, and how the WAI guidelines apply. — W3C WAI Accessiblity Standards
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Introduction to Web Accessibility and W3C Standards

Web Accessibility Initiative (WAI)

WAI is an initiative of the W3C that leads the web to its full potential includes promoting a high degree of usability for people with disabilities. WAI develops its work through W3C’s consensus-based process, involving different stakeholders in web accessibility. These include industry, disability organizations, government, accessibility research organizations, and more. WAI, in partnership with organizations around the world, pursues accessibility of the web through these primary activities:

  • ensuring that W3C standards support accessibility
  • developing accessibility guidelines for web content and applications, browsers, and authoring tools
  • developing resources to improve web accessibility evaluation processes and tools
  • supporting education and outreach on web accessibility
  • coordinating with research and development that may impact future accessibility of the web
  • promoting harmonized international uptake of web accessibility standards

Read further about W3C Web Accessibility Initiaive.

Accessibility principles

The top four principles that provide the foundation for web accissiblity are:

  • Perceivable information and user interface

  • Operable user interface components and navigation

  • Understandable information and operation of user interface

  • Robust content for reliable interpretation

Read further W3C WAI Accessiblity Principles
Read further W3C WAI Introduction to Understanding WCAG (WCAG 2.1 Understanding Docs)

Accessibility — Make the web usable by everyone

A great deal of web content can be made accessible just by making sure the correct Hypertext Markup Language elements are used for the correct purpose at all times. This article looks in detail at how HTML can be used to ensure maximum accessibility.

Read further HTML: A good basis for accessibility [MDN]

Techniques for WCAG 2.1

Number Description Section Class-related
G140
 Separating information and structure from presentation to enable different presentations
G88 Providing descriptive titles for Web pages
F71 (5) Text Content
H38 WCAG 3.2 (5) Text Content
G61 Presenting repeated components in the same relative order each time they appear Understanding SC 3.2.3:
Consistent Navigation (Level AA)		 (5) Text Content
F66 Failure of Success Criterion 3.2.3 due to presenting navigation links in a different relative order on different pages Understanding SC 3.2.3:
Consistent Navigation (Level AA)		 (5) Text Content
H48 Using ol, ul and dl for lists or groups of links Understanding SC 1.3.1:
Info and Relationships (Level A)		 (6) Lists
H63 Using the scope attribute to associate header cells and data cells in data tables Understanding SC 1.3.1:
Info and Relationships (Level A)		 (6) Tables
H39 Using caption elements to associate data table captions with data tables Understanding SC 1.3.1:
Info and Relationships (Level A)		 (6) Tables
H51 Using table markup to present tabular information Understanding SC 1.3.1:
Info and Relationships (Level A)		 (6) Tables
G115 Understanding SC 1.3.1:
Info and Relationships (Level A)		 (4) Document Sectioning
H49 Using semantic markup to mark emphasized or special text Understanding SC 1.3.1:
Info and Relationships (Level A)		 (4) Document Sectioning
(4) Basic elements and images
G1 WCAG 2.4 - 2.4.1 (4) Document Sectioning
G123 WCAG 2.4 - 2.4.1 (4) Document Sectioning
G124 WCAG 2.4 - 2.4.1 (4) Document Sectioning
H69 WCAG 2.4 - 2.4.1 (4) Document Sectioning
G130 WCAG 2.4 - 2.4.6, (4) Document Sectioning
H49 Using semantic markup to mark emphasized or special text Understanding SC 1.3.1:
Info and Relationships (Level A)		 (4) Basic elements and images
G91 WCAG 2.4 - 2.4.4 (4) Basic elements and images
H30 WCAG 2.4 - 2.4.4 (4) Basic elements and images
H37 WCAG 1.1 - 1.1.1 (4) Basic elements and images
H2 WCAG 1.1 - 1.1.1 (4) Basic elements and images
H67 WCAG 1.1 - 1.1.1, (4) Basic elements and images